Watch Manufacturing Processes Differences and Expansions Explained

Watches are manufactured and decorated by a variety of processes, each of which has its own unique characteristics and application scenarios. Below I will expand on the differences between laser, radium, etching and oil pressure processes to deepen your understanding and interest in watches.

1. Laser Process (Laser Engraving/Etching) 
Principle: Utilizing a high-energy laser beam to accurately ablate or oxidize the surface of a material to form a pattern or text.
Characteristics:

High precision: can handle complex patterns and micro-fine text.

Non-contact: Avoids physical damage and is suitable for delicate materials.

Flexibility: designs can be quickly adjusted through computer programming.

Applications:

Serial number, brand logo engraving for watch case/buckle.

Dial texture or decorative patterns (e.g. carbon fiber effect).
Extensions:

Laser cutting: for precision cutting of metal or ceramic bracelet components.

Laser marking: anti-counterfeiting marking or personalization (e.g. signature).

2. Laser Ablation/Color Marking 
Note: Laser is another translation of laser, but sometimes refers specifically to surface color change treatment.
Principle: Chemical changes (e.g. oxidation) occur on the surface of the material through the laser, resulting in a color contrast rather than engraved depressions.
Characteristics:

No depth: only change the surface color, without destroying the flatness.

Colorful effect: stainless steel and other materials can be black, gold, blue and other colors.
Applications:

Colorful logo or scale marking on the dial.

Anti-reflective treatment (laser matting).

3. Chemical Etching (Chemical Etching) 
Principle: Using acid or alkali solution to corrode the unprotected part of the metal surface to form a concave-convex pattern.
Characteristics:

Low cost: suitable for mass production of simple patterns.

Uniformity: Can handle large areas or complex surfaces.
Limitations:

Environmental issues (need to dispose of waste liquid).

Less accurate than laser, edges may not be sharp enough.
Applications:

Vintage patterns or brand logos on traditional dials.

Design elements for industrial style watches (e.g., corroded aged effects).
Extensions:

Photolithography etching: Combination of photosensitive adhesive and UV exposure for higher precision (for precision movement parts).

4. Hydraulic Pressing (Stamping/Pressing) 
Principle: Pressing a concave or convex texture or pattern on a metal surface by means of a mold and a hydraulic press.
Characteristics:

High efficiency: suitable for mass production (e.g., watch bracelet texturing).

Three-dimensionality: deep relief effects can be created.
Limitations:

High mold cost, difficult to change design.

Only suitable for softer metals (e.g. stainless steel, copper).
Applications:

Repeated patterns on straps (e.g. wheat, waves).

Decorative ribbing or branding embossing on watch cases.
Extensions:

Stamping and molding: direct manufacturing of three-dimensional structures for cases or clasps.

Other Extended Processes 
Plating (Electroplating)

Plating of surfaces with gold, black, etc. to enhance aesthetics or corrosion resistance (e.g., rose gold cases).

Sandblasting

Creates a matte texture, often combined with laser engraving (e.g. matte dial + glossy text).

3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing)

Used for prototyping or complex structures (e.g. skeletonized movement supports).

A deeper understanding of these crafts will not only enhance your appreciation of the art of the watch, but also its unique value as a collector's item. A watch is not only a timekeeping tool, but also a crystallization of craftsmanship and aesthetics. If you are interested in watch customization or personal branding, please feel free to inquire Foksy- we will provide you with professional advice and exclusive services.